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The Emotional Side of Prejudice: The Attribution of Secondary Emotions to Ingroups and Outgroups

Paola M. Paladino

Department of Experimental Psychology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

Ramon Rodriguez-Torres

Department of Cognitive, Social, and Organizational Psychology, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain

Jeroen Vaes

Stéphanie Demoulin

Department of Experimental Psychology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

Armando Rodriguez-Perez

Department of Cognitive, Social, and Organizational Psychology, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain

Ruth Gaunt

Department of Experimental Psychology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

If people favor their ingroup, are especially concerned with their own group, and attribute different essences to different groups, it follows that their essence must be superior to the essence of other groups. Intelligence, language, and certain emotions are all considered to be distinctive elements of human nature or essence. The role of inteligence and language in discrimination, prejudice, and racism has already been largely investigated, and this article focuses on attributed emotions. Specifically, we investigate the idea that secondary emotions are typically human characteristics, and as such, they should be especially associated with and attributed to the ingroup. Seondary emotions may even be denied to outgroups. These differential associations and attributions of specifically human emotions to ingroups versus outgroups should affect intergroup relations. Results from several initial experiments are summarized that support our reasoning. This emotional approach to prejudice and racism is contrasted with more classic, cognitive perspectives.

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