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Personality and Social Psychology Review
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Threat to Life and Risk-Taking Behaviors: A Review of Empirical Findings and Explanatory Models

Hasida Ben-Zur

University of Haifa, Israel, zbz@netvision. net.il

Moshe Zeidner

University of Haifa, Israel

This article reviews the literature focusing on the relationship between perceived threat to life and risk-taking behaviors. The review of empirical data, garnered from field studies and controlled experiments, suggests that personal threat to life results in elevated risk-taking behavior. To account for these findings, this review proposes a number of theoretical explanations. These frameworks are grounded in divergent conceptual models: coping with stress, emotion regulation, replenishing of lost resources through self-enhancement, modifications of key parameters of cognitive processing of risky outcomes, and neurocognitive mechanisms. The review concludes with a number of methodological considerations, as well as directions for future work in this promising area of research.

Key Words: stress • coping • emotion regulation • life threat • disaster • trauma • risky behavior

This version was published on May 1, 2009

Personality and Social Psychology Review, Vol. 13, No. 2, 109-128 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/1088868308330104
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