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Personality and Social Psychology Review
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A New Look at Emotional Intelligence: A Dual-Process Framework

Marina Fiori

University of Illinois at Chicago, mfiori{at}uic.edu

In this article, the author provides a framework to guide research in emotional intelligence. Studies conducted up to the present bear on a conception of emotional intelligence as pertaining to the domain of consciousness and investigate the construct with a correlational approach. As an alternative, the author explores processes underlying emotional intelligence, introducing the distinction between conscious and automatic processing as a potential source of variability in emotionally intelligent behavior. Empirical literature is reviewed to support the central hypothesis that individual differences in emotional intelligence may be best understood by considering the way individuals automatically process emotional stimuli. Providing directions for research, the author encourages the integration of experimental investigation of processes underlying emotional intelligence with correlational analysis of individual differences and fosters the exploration of the automaticity component of emotional intelligence.

Key Words: emotional intelligence • unconscious processes • dual-process models • individual differences • ability model • process-oriented approach • automatic processes • emotionally intelligent behavior • automaticity • awareness

This version was published on February 1, 2009

Personality and Social Psychology Review, Vol. 13, No. 1, 21-44 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/1088868308326909
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